![]() ![]() You can resume your daily work next day onwards if you had taken a light peel, however, with deeper peels, you are advised to stay indoors for 3-5 days at least. ![]() What are the precautions I need to take after the procedure? The redness and flaking of skin continues for longer duration, up to 2 weeks following deeper chemical peels. With repeated treatments, these positive changes improve further. One week post treatment, you can start to notice improvement in the condition and texture of your skin. The recovery period depends on the type of chemical peel done:Īfter a superficial or light chemical peel, you may experience some redness, stinging, skin flaking and irritation, which subsides in 1-2 days. What can I expect after the chemical peel procedure? Hence, medium and deep peels are not recommended for dark skin color. Note: Medium and deep peels are associated with longer recovery times and increased risk of complications like hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation and scarring, especially in people with ethnic skin. Sometimes your doctor willĬover your skin with strips of tape or medicated gauze rather than Phenol is brushed onto the area after an appropriate time interval.Ī thick coat of ointment is smoothed over your skin, to prevent drynessĪnd pain. Your face will go through a stepwise cleansing process. You will be given a sedative to relax along with a local anaesthetic to The dermatologist will use the strongest chemical called phenol to penetrate down to the lower dermal layer of your skin. The dermatologist will carefully determine if you are a good candidate for this treatment. If you have deeper facial wrinkles, skin that's damaged by the sun, scars, areas that appear blotchy or even pre-cancerous growths, deep facial chemical peels might be the right choice for you. Important to keep the skin well moisturised during the peeling process. The peeling process usually starts in 2 days and lasts for a week. The chemicals are neutralised with a cool saline compress. The treated area may turn a whitish grey colour. The chemical solution is applied onto your skin and left for just a few minutes. It is used in cases of acne scars, deeper wrinkles and uneven skin colour. The chemical peel is then washed off or deactivated using neutralizing solution. The chemical solution is applied onto your skin with a brush and left on for a few minutes. Superficial chemical peel procedure steps The peel to be used for you will be decided by your doctor after careful assessment of the skin condition and your particular needs.Ī superficial peel might be the right choice if you have uneven pigmentation, dryness, acne or fine wrinkling. Looking for maintenance of skin in good condition You may opt for chemical peeling if you have: Who is a suitable candidate for a chemical peel procedure? It is majorly used for the treatment of deeper wrinkles and scars. Deeper chemical peels produce more drastic results but are also associated with longer recovery time. A deep peel removes skin cells from the epidermis up to the lower portion of dermis. The types of chemical peels are superficial, medium and deep peels, depending on the depth of action of these solutions, i.e., upto what layer of skin will they can exfoliation.ĭeep chemical peel. It is a versatile treatment which can be used to treat wide variety of skin conditions. What are the effects/ benefits of chemical peel? The results of chemical peel procedure depends on the type of chemical used. A chemical peel can be done alone or in combination with other cosmetic procedures. Although chemical peels are used mostly on the face, they can also be used to improve the skin on your neck and hands. The new skin that grows after healing is smoother, fresh, spot free and younger looking.Ĭhemical peels are used to treat wrinkles, skin discolouration and scars. ![]() It is a procedure of chemical skin resurfacing by applying a solution with active agents that exfoliate the top layers of the skin. Chemical Peels : Benefits, Types, Procedure, Treatment CostĪgeing, chronic sun exposure, or acne can make your skin dull, wrinkled, spotted and scarred.Ī chemical peel is one of the most effective ways to improve the skin. ![]()
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![]() ![]() ![]() Thanks to its streamlined engine, removal of tracking, memory optimization, and AI-powered tab management, it can easily sustain multiple user sessions without overloading the system. Sidekick has a 3 times faster page response than Chrome. Sidekick introduces its own ways to customize your everyday flow with optimization tools, multiple login sessions, Apps sidebar and many more. ![]() While Chrome shares your data with other Google services, as well as third parties, Sidekick, being an anonymous web browser, doesn’t use any data about its users in commercial ways. Sidekick is built on top of an open-source browser Chromium, which makes it easy to shift from Google Chrome preserving all your bookmarks, settings and favourite extensions.Ī difference in missions and their execution makes these browsers very different. 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That’s why it is so important to use a secure video hosting solution and an encrypted HTML5 video player to protect your videos from attack. As more and more people become connected to the web, cybercriminals have taken note, and they are increasingly targeting online businesses with sophisticated attacks that can cause serious financial damage. What are your security concerns? Conclusion Do you need a player that is easy to use? ![]() Do you need a secure host that allows you to embed videos from popular sites like YouTube and Vimeo? Some key factors to consider include: How many videos will you be uploading? When choosing a secure video hosting solution, it is important to consider your needs and preferences. This player provides an easy way to embed videos from popular video sharing sites like YouTube and Vimeo without having to worry about malware or security issues.Īlso Read: How B2B Brands Can Use Purpose To Win In The Marketplace In 8 Steps? This means that if your video is stolen or hacked, no one else will be able to view it.Īn Encrypted HTML Video Player allows you to easily embed videos from a secure host into your own website or blog. ![]() Secure video hosting solutions provide a secure and private online space for you to upload, store, and share your videos with friends, family, and the world.Ī secure video hosting solution will encrypt your video files so that only you and the host site have access to them. How to Choose the Right Secure Video Hosting Solution for You Make sure your video files are encrypted before uploading them to a secure video hosting solution or using an Encrypted HTML5 video player. This will enable you to create high-quality, playable videos that look and feel like native content.ģ. This will help protect your videos from being stolen or hacked.Ģ. Here are some tips for creating an Encrypted HTML5 video player:ġ. In short, by using a secure video hosting solution and Encrypted HTML Video Player, you’ll achieve the best possible performance for your videos while ensuring their security and compliance with Google standards.Īlso Read: Google News Is Getting Ready To Revamp Its Tablet Apps In The You-style Of Material Tips for Creating an Encrypted HTML5 Video PlayerĬreating an Encrypted HTML5 video player is a great way to protect your videos from being stolen or hacked. By setting up your own server and implementing our player, you’ll eliminate the need for third-party services – such as YouTube or Vimeo – which can cost money each month. Last but not least, using a secure video hosting solution and an Encrypted HTML Video Player offered by will save you time and money. Plus, our player is fully compliant with Google’s Webmaster Guidelines, which means it will display correctly in search engine results pages (SERPs). 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Plus, it supports both HTTP streaming and live streaming for maximum flexibility and performance. ![]() It offers businesses a secure platform on which to host their videos and control their content from anywhere in the world. Encrypted HTML5 Video Player is just such a solution. That’s where a secure video hosting solution comes in handy. However, video hosting can be a risky proposition if not handled properly. It’s an incredibly powerful medium that can be used to convey a message, engage with customers, and more. Video is the future, especially for businesses. ![]() ![]() ![]() In San Diego County, a proposal to fly the Pride flag at the headquarters of the Chula Vista Elementary School District initially died on a 2-2 vote with one member absent. Several other California elementary schools have found themselves at the center of debates over Pride Month celebrations. We are a diverse community, and we have to accept that.” “When you exclude some, you are demonizing or dehumanizing some in our community. “There’s nothing but a fair representation of the reality of families in our community,” he said. Over what? A reference of a book that represents families in our communities.”Ĭarvalho said there’s no sex education in the book at issue. “A flag that represents many members of our community was burned. “The sad reality is that over the past two weeks, individuals who work at this school have been threatened and insulted just for being who they are,” he told Fox 11. Carvalho watched the protest outside the school. The school notified parents, saying it was being investigated as hate-motivated.ĭistrict Superintendent Alberto M. In May, a transgender teacher’s small Pride flag displayed outdoors was found burned. ![]() That’s probably a topic that we should have at an early age.”Īn Instagram page called Saticoy Elementary Parents called Pride “an inappropriate topic for our kids!” In one post, the page says that Christian families and those who “share conservative values don’t feel this material is appropriate to teach to the children and believe it’s a parents’ right to choose.” It’s not clear who started the page, which also includes phone numbers and email addresses for district and school officials, urging parents to call them to protest the event. “It all starts with a conversation and kids these days, they’re growing up so quick. “All families are different and we need to respect them,” Flores said. He said their family felt supported by the counter-protesters. Hector Flores and his husband picked up their 6-year-old daughter after school on Friday wearing pride T-shirts. “I just don’t stand for that in my community,” Jones said. While some Republican-led states are limiting classroom conversations about gender and sexuality and banning gender-affirming care, some Democratic cities and states are seeking to expand LGBTQ+ rights and to honor the community’s contributions. Community parade organizers, school districts and even professional sports terms have faced protests for flying rainbow flags and honoring drag performers. ![]() ![]() People protesting a planned Pride assembly outside the Los Angeles Unified School District’s Saticoy Elementary School wore T-shirts emblazoned with “Leave our kids alone” - and carried signs with slogans such as “Parental Choice Matters” and “No Pride in Grooming.” Tensions at the school have been rising since last month, when a social media page was created to urge parents to keep their children home Friday, the day of the planned assembly.Īcross the nation, Pride month celebrations are kicking off amid rising backlash in some places against LGBTQ+ rights. LOS ANGELES (AP) - Police officers separated groups of protesters and counterprotesters Friday outside a Los Angeles elementary school that has become a flashpoint for Pride month events across California. ![]() ![]() “This month we’re teaming with Acustica Audio for the first time. It’s just the thing for bringing a touch of analogue class to any in-the-box production. With its warm, musical sound, and the ability to mix and match vintage circuits within and between modules, either independently or in the main Cream Channel Strip, Cream2 puts some of the most revered consoles and tape decks in the history of recorded music right at the heart of your DAW. ![]() ![]() Cream EQ, meanwhile, models two classic console equaliser circuits, and consists of Bass, Treble, Presence and Magic bands, the last switching between various different responses, including bass and loudness boost. The Cream Comp compressor comes in transistor and vari-mu valve variants, and features an external sidechain input and dry/wet mix control. All are available in both Standard and ZL versions, the latter delivering zero-latency performance for tracking, at the expense of CPU overhead.Ĭream Pre offers a choice of transistor-based line/mic and tube-based tape deck preamplifier emulations, for a variety of sonic styling. Four VST/AU/AAX plug-ins are included: a preamp, a compressor, a four-band EQ and a complete channel strip comprising all three modules in a single effect. Focusrite’s latest Plug-in Collective community giveaway is a stunning convolution-based vintage channel strip emulation from acclaimed Italian developer Acustica Audio.īetween March 25th and May 27th 2021 (4pm GMT), all Plug-in Collective members can download Cream2 – which normally retails for €199 – for free.īuilt on Acustica’s proprietary Acqua Engine convolution technology, Cream2 recreates a truly iconic collection of British valve and solid-state hardware, manufactured between the late 1950s and early ’70s, and deployed at one of the most famous studios in the world for the production of some of the most timeless albums ever made. ![]() ![]() ![]() Here you can adjust PDF compression levels from good to really low and save a smaller PDF file. The result of the compression will depend on your settings. Immediately, the PDF settings window will pop up. But if there’s a ready PDF file, then drag and drop it into IrfanView, go to File > Save as and select the PDF as output file type. If you have just a set of scan images, you can resize them in IrfanView, and then convert them into PDF. This is an image viewer, but if you install a free plugin from the official site, IrfanView will be able to turn your huge PDFs into light-weight documents. ![]() If you try to optimize PDF files created out of images like scans, you’d better check IrfanView image viewer. Here’s a good video overview of top Nuance features: So if you need to create a real searchable PDF documents out of scan images, try Nuance software. Unlike WinRAR or 7-Zip, Nuance Power PDF doesn’t wrap PDF files, it reduces PDF file itself with no quality loss. If you have to resize many files, Nuance is right for you. The software offers all sorts of features: PDF scans, optimization, splitting, merging, encryption, watermarks, etc. Nuance Power PDF is capable of making smaller PDF documents and work in batch mode. Nuance Power PDF is a top class paid solution with inbuilt OCR features for those who manage PDF files on a regular basis. If you enjoy SmallPDF work, you can make a donation to support the developers. The scaled-down PDF will be downloaded automatically onto your PC or saved into your cloud storage folder. It takes about 30 seconds to process an 8 page PDF document. All you have to do is to upload an original big PDF file from your computer or Google Drive/Dropbox and wait a few moments. You don’t have to install anything on your PC, Mac, iPhone, or Android. ![]() is an online service that lets you reduce PDF file size instantly. The software also gives you a possibility to protect your reduced PDFs with password and to integrate with Outlook.ĭownload 7-Zip for Windows, Mac or Linux here. Although the interface of 7-Zip is not too modern and requires time to deal with, the PDF archives created with it seem to be 40% smaller, than those of WinRAR and WinZip. 7-Zipħ-Zip is a free cross-platform open source compression software, which is famous for introducing. You are allowed to use a 40-day-trial-version after what you’ll be asked to pay $29. If you need to resize PDF for email, use the Compress and email option, so that WinRAR automatically attaches your documents to email. There you should choose “ Best” as a compression method to make the smallest PDF file and click the OK button. Simply, right-click on your PDF file and select the option Add to archive. Then you’ll see a PDF settings window. WinRAR easily opens all most popular formats, including PDF files, and zips them into tiny RAR or ZIP archives. The software can set password protection, divide archive in several volumes or add files to already existing archives with the help of drag-n-drop function. WinRar integrates into the context menu and makes it easy to archive a file at any moment. It’s pretty much impossible to use a computer for a long time and never meet this program. The software lets you open and create your own archived files. WinRAR is one of the most well-known file compression software among Windows PC users. SEE ALSO: How to Reduce Video File Size 1. So don’t skip this post to find a right PDF resizer for you. There are many free and paid PDF optimizers that promise to shrink portable document format files up to 50%. They help you to reduce PDF file size without sufficient quality loss and send files via email or chat apps, upload to file sharing sites or simply store on your hard drive. PDF compression software makes it easy to manage huge PDF documents which contain tons of images, forms, scan pages, graphics, tables, texts, and so on. 5 Easy Ways to Reduce, Compress & Zip PDF Files Free ![]() ![]() ![]() Skull Meister has the advantage of not being a once-per-turn card. This makes it perfect for stopping cards such as Cyber Angel Benten, Qinglong, all the main deck Prank-Kids monsters, and numerous other cards. Skull Meister can negate any card or effect that activates in the graveyard. As for the Virtual World matchup, it can stop Virtual World Roshi - Laolao and Virtual World Xiezhi - Jiji.Īs for Ghost Belle's partner in crime to cover her weaknesses. Dragon Link might lose a combo piece through the negation of Red-Eyes Darkness Metal Dragon. Golden Lord's graveyard effect to summon itself would be negated, Prank-Kids cards such as Dodo-Doodle-Doo and Prank-Kids Rocket Ride won't be able to retrieve combo pieces from the graveyard. Although its effect is once per turn like Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring, it can stop many strategies from doing what they are meant to do. ![]() Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion is huge this format. ![]() But having Nibiru as an option in the side deck would always come in handy during the course of a tournament in some shape or form as combo decks will always be a threat. Other decks are not intimidated by Nibiru, mainly control versions of Eldlich, Subterror, and Paleozoics. It also hurts Harpies which are somewhat on the rise. It also is very effective against the new Bird Up deck (Lyrilusc Tri-Brigade) as it stops them from ending on Apollousa, Bow of the Goddess and Barrier Statue of the Stormwinds. Virtual World needs to go through some summons before ending on a True King of All Calamities. The Drytron deck summons a lot and Dragon Link needs to go through a lot of resources before establishing an ideal board. However, with so many strategies now running around that special summon a lot, Nibiru should once more be taken into consideration. Nibiru, the Primal Being has largely been absent from the main decks as the format was leaning on the control side at the beginning with trap cards playing a prominent role. This one is somewhat underrated in this format. However, it's not necessarily enough on its own to stop the opponent in their tracks. Overall, it is very good against most decks and can do well against rogue decks. As for the Dragon Link deck, it generally takes more than one hand trap to stop what they're up to. Prank-Kids can usually either chain block it or use Prank-Kids Fansies to send the card they wanted to search up to the graveyard before retrieving it with Prank-Kids Dodo-Doodle-Doo. It might not be too effective against some other decks. Depending on the variant being played, it can also hit some vital cards such as Zoodiac Barrage, Numeron Network, Aleister the Invoker, or even searches by Dogmatika Ecclesia, the Virtuous and Nadir Servant. Its absence from the field means that the Golden Land trap cards are just defensive bodies that cannot create much of a threat. It can stop a Vital Benten search or a search by Drytron Alpha Thuban or Cyber Emergency and Preparation of Rites.Īgainst Eldlich variants, it can stop Eldlixir of Scarlet Sanguine from resolving to summon Eldlich the Golden Lord. Against Drytron, a deck that relies heavily on searching a great many cards, making for many prime Ash Blossom targets. ![]() Against Virtual World, It can stop the second effect of Virtual World Gate - Qinglong to search Virtual World Monsters, it also stops Virtual World Mai-Hime - Lulu from sending a Virtual World card from deck to the grave then adding another one from deck to hand. It can hit a wide variety of decks in this format and every format. It is so useful and generic that it should be the first hand trap considered when building any deck. Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring is perhaps the most popular hand trap ever made. ![]() ![]() Here’s how to reassemble after cleaning (again, another colorful commentary): In this video, completes re-assembly in 33 min, which is very quick. ![]() Re-assembly is time-consuming and this is often where things break. How to take apart (be prepared for a very interesting commentary): Step by step how-to videosįor videos of watch repairs and cleanings of all types of pocket and wrist watches, check out this YouTube channel on watch repair. To make it run again you will have to completely take it apart, clean its mechanical parts and plates in an ultrasonic cleaner, and oil as you put it back together following the procedure in TM9-1575. In World War II numerous manuals like this were written to train any 18-year-old to learn advanced skills in a short period of time. To learn watch repair read the manual, US ARMY TM9-1575 (PDF). This video will show you how a modern watch works starting with the spring barrel down to the balance wheel: But this is not as easy as it seems, you must completely tear down your watch movement, clean each little part, reassemble and oil it. Most of the time when you buy a broken mechanical watch all it needs is to be cleaned and oiled. For this reason the slightest bit of dirt and grime in the bearings throughout the gear train causes a movement to stop running. Unfortunately with such gearing there is very little torque at the second hand. The movement is geared up significantly from the winding spring (spring barrel) where one turn of the spring barrel causes hundreds of turns of the second hand. There is no such thing as ‘over wound,’ what actually happens is dirt and grime builds up on the bearings so that wheels (gears actually, the gears are referred to as wheels) can not turn as freely, preventing the movement from running. Pop your watch open at parties and explain how it works to your friends. Besides, most of the fun is being able to wear something you repaired yourself. Watchmakers are a dying breed, if you can find one expect to pay $200-$400 to get your watch repaired. You must be able to clean and repair your own watch if you want to go vintage. ![]() The swiss lead the way in post-war wrist watch technology. Although less accurate than pocket watches, wrist watches were significantly more convenient. Widespread adaptation of wrist watches occurred in the 1930’s. Manufacturing techniques were pushed to their limits in making small watches. Evolution of the ladies pocket watch to wrist watch. Ladies’ watches led to the development of the (smaller than a pocket watch) wrist watches. The American watch industry led the way in developing a world-class product that with a little maintenance, could last forever.īut ladies’ watches were pushing the bounds of what was possible, at the cutting edge of small. Prices were equivalent to a MacBook or an iPad in today’s money. The Waltham Watch Co. was the first to democratize portable time keeping by developing a process to mass produce high quality watches that were extremely accurate. First created in the 16th century by locksmiths, these early watches could only resolve time down to the hour and for this reason displayed time with only one hour hand.īy the 18th century fusee technology enabled watches to achieve accuracies to within seconds.įusee wheel and chain, which is in effect a continuously variable transmission to provide constant torque as spring barrel unwinds. They tick, mechanical watches have a pulse. Learn to repair vintage mechanical watches. Today it is nearly impossible to find watchmakers to service or repair vintage mechanical pocket and wristwatches, so we have to do it ourselves. One of the very first watches, created by a locksmith. Until recently, watches have been entirely mechanical where each wheel, gear, and mechanism representing a milestone in our understanding of precision manufacturing and timekeeping. ![]() ![]() ![]() Determination of Dyne level by wetting is then performed to a standardised test procedure. As soon as possible, the applicator is then drawn down over this bead, spreading it over the surface. To perform the Dyne test with a “DyneX” applicator, first apply a short bead of surface tension test fluid from a dropper bottle directly to the sample surface. Packed in a cushioned protective container. All four gates are precision ground to the same clearance to facilitate quicker test-to-test turnaround, and to provide the longest service life. For best results, we strongly suggest use on a “DyneX” drawdown platform. This restricted passage channels the flow of the Dyne fluid through the gate whilst limiting the wet film thickness applied to a maximum of only 12.5 microns. This tool can produce high quality drawdowns in a confined area, making direct benchtop testing a reality. A precision ground gate, 38mm wide, is centered on each of the four edges. (Field Procedure) for Constant Drawdown Tests in Flowing Wells for Determining Hydraulic Properties of Aquifer Systems. The “DyneX” applicator measures only 13 x 13 x 64mm. The resistance of an extensive artesian bed increases with time as the ever-widening area of influence of the well expands. Remarkably fast and easy clean-up saves time and cleaning supplies. With a Teflon® coated surface it is ideal for Dyne testing – no attraction to, or contamination from the applicator affects test results. The following is a summary outline procedure for a pumping test:-. The fundamental assumptions of the GRF model are 1) flow is radial, occurring within a homogeneous and isotropic medium from a single source, and fills an n-dimensional space 2) flow obeys Darcys. See the Metering Rod Selection Chart PDF below for further information. b) To determine yield drawdown behaviour of the well at various pumping output rates. Typically, aquifer properties are estimated from a constant-rate pumping test by fitting mathematical models to drawdown data through a procedure known as curve matching. Accumulator Drawdown Test Last Updated on Sun, Drilling Engineering verter line Close bag ''Open valves Open bag ' Close valves fnr' ' - Preventer valve Diverter line Fig. With the use of such non-abrasive cleaners, metering rods can be reused repeatedly. Economical and easy to use simple clean-up with water, alcohol, appropriate solvent and low lint cloths. ![]() These lab rods or drawdown bars can be used either to test two coatings simultaneously, or for full width substrate evaluations using one test liquid. Rods are available in 6.3mm and 12.7mm diameters. The 400mm long “Mayer” rod has 305mm of wire wound on centre. The rods, widely known as Metering Rods, Mayer Rods or drawdown bars are fabricated from 303 stainless steel the wire winding is 304 stainless steel. Liquid crystal thermometer is accurate to better than 1☌.Īpplies a highly uniform wet film coating.These wire-wound metering rods, when used on a precision surface such as the “DyneX” Drawdown Platform, will apply a highly uniform wet film thickness, which is ideal for Dyne testing. Five pre-adjusted shock absorbing levelling feet and surface mounted spirit level ensure precise levelling and firm footing. Each unit is meticulously inspected to assure flatness. The 305mm x 305mm smoothing pad with closely controlled compressibility is engineered to promote uniform fluid distribution with minimal squirm. 12.7mm thick float glass platform large enough for direct A to B comparisons or evaluation of machine caused treatment variations. Two sets of equations are presented, one for assumed laminar flow and one for assumed turbulent flow.Full width magnetic clamp allows precise sample positioning with secure grip. These are plotted logarithmically and evaluated according to the procedures outlined in the report. The SDT consists of 4 to 5 pumping stages of 30 to 120 minutes each. The suggested field procedure for a complete well test is to first carry out an air-lift pumping test, then a 1-hour discharge test, then the SDT, then the recovery test. The Step Draw-Down Pumping Test (SDT) was developed by Jacob to determine aquifer transmissivity and well properties in cases where the standard method is inapplicable, for example, the absence of observation wells. Water and engineering technical information bulletinĪquifers, hand pumps, models, testing, well yield ![]() ![]() ![]() Now I'm switching back to notability from goodnotes, and I can say: it's good. As a profit maximizing company, GoodNotes responded to Notability’s situation in a manner that gained it a fraction of the market.I've been using Notability and goodnotes since 2018, and I have switched between them about every 1 year. The fraction of z users with a reservation price less than the app’s price becomes even greater.Įventually, by adjusting its initial statement, Notability managed to avoid losing a significant amount of past and potential customers. GoodNotes decides to further benefit by temporarily lowering the price of the application (Figure 5). Now that the reservation price has shifted to become higher at a fraction z, there is a greater number of people buying the good at the current price (Figure 4). The reservation price of for the app increases, and GoodNotes notices an increase in demand. Meanwhile, GoodNotes receives an increase in praise and preference due to the criticism its direct competitor receives. All previous purchasers now have lifetime access without additional cost. To avoid having a market share less than the critical point, notability retracts its original statement. Therefore, the fraction of the critical point will increase even further, from z 2’ to z 3’ (Figure 3). A negative information cascade due to social media can also shift the reservation price curve down due to users having a lower intrinsic value for a company with unhappy customers. The application now needs to be used by a higher fraction of the market to avoid becoming forgotten. The increase in Notability’s price leads to a shift in the critical point from z 1’ to a higher critical point z 2’ (Figure 2). Initially, their graphs would look like figure 1: I am assuming a higher intrinsic value because the marketing team of Notability must have known what they were doing with a price increase, and because Notability is still a top-ranking app on the App Store even after the increase in the price. Let us say that the f(z) value of Notability and GoodNotes is identical, but the r(z) value for Notability is higher. The reservation price p is r(z)f(z), where z is the fraction of users in the market using the app, r(z) is the intrinsic value the z th user has for the app, and f(z) is the network effect of having a z fraction of users using the app. We can examine this using a graph of the reservation price that users have for the apps. ![]() Observing the market for note-taking applications with network effects will indicate that GoodNotes’ actions were meant to increase demand for it, while Notability retracting its initial statement was to prevent the fraction of its consumers from the market lowering past the critical point. Everyone who paid the one-time price before the change to a subscription model would have a life-time access to features. Within only two days, Notability went back on its original statement of removing access to previous customers. It was announced in a rather brazen manner, confirming that the sale was in response to Notability’s infamy. Realizing this, GoodNotes even had a rare 50% sale on the latest version of their app, GoodNotes 5. GoodNotes’ cheaper one-time price in addition to its good press now made the choice easier for someone choosing between the two competitors. People who criticized Notability for its sudden change in pricing strategy would often coincidingly praise GoodNotes for maintaining its one-time purchase price of $7.99. This negative press brought an influx of positive press to Notability’s direct competition, GoodNotes 5. Users mostly issued complaints about losing trust of a company that was going to eventually remove access to something customers thought they only had to pay for once. Over the next few days, Notability and its owner company Ginger Labs received significant press attention and negative social media reactions on websites such as Twitter, Instagram, and Reddit. There was immediate backlash by current users who were surprised by the unexpected loss of a good that they paid for. However, unlocking all of its features would cost $14.99/year, and previous customers would have access to the same features they initially paid for a duration of only 1 year. The app was going to be free to download from the App Store. Two weeks ago, Notability announced a sudden shift to a freemium model of payment. Both apps were also similarly priced as a one-time purchase model, with GoodNotes costing $7.99 and Notability costing $8.99. Both applications have features and a target audience that are not too different from each other, so the applications have been in direct competition with each other for around a decade. Notability and GoodNotes are among the most popular note-taking apps available for iPad users. ![]() ![]() Notability, GoodNotes, and Critical Points ![]() |